Testicular cancer is a rare tumour, accounting for 1 to 2% of cancers in men. It is usually seen in men aged 20 to 40.
Who is more at risk?
The risk factors for testicular cancer include:
- an undescended testis (a testicle that did not come down into the scrotum in childhood)
- a family history of testicular cancer
- a previous testicular cancer
- infertility
Diet and environmental factors may also be involved.
What are the signs?
In most cases the first sign is a painless lump or swelling in the testicle. There may also be a sudden pain, or a low-grade, dragging ache.
Some men remember an injury to the testicle. The injury itself is often just what brings the swelling to their attention, rather than its cause.
Rarer symptoms include blood in the semen, inflammation of the testicle and, occasionally, enlarged or painful breasts. More advanced disease may show itself as weight loss or a lump in the abdomen.
How is it diagnosed?
After examining the testicles, the urologist will arrange an ultrasound scan and blood tests to find out the nature of the swelling.
What is the outlook?
Testicular cancer has a favourable outcome, even at an advanced stage.
Check yourself regularly
It is important to examine your testicles on a regular basis. If you notice any change in size, shape or contour, seek medical advice.
Not every lump or pain is cancer. Testicular pain due to infection or inflammation can be treated with the appropriate medication: see testicular pain and testicular infections. Mr Nargund also sees men with testicular lumps and swelling and fertility concerns.
Noticed a change?
If you have found a lump or a change in a testicle, Mr Nargund can see you promptly in Marylebone. Call 07735 000 903 or ask for a call back.